{"id":11409538,"date":"2024-03-26T12:32:47","date_gmt":"2024-03-26T11:32:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/?p=11409538"},"modified":"2024-03-26T12:53:34","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T11:53:34","slug":"oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/","title":{"rendered":"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Toto je druh\u00fd d\u00edl t\u0159\u00edd\u00edln\u00e9ho seri\u00e1lu o oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9m, kter\u00fd je jedn\u00edm z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159isp\u011bvatel\u016f k mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm ud\u00e1lostem p\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed d\u00edl naleznete <\/em>zde<\/span><\/em><\/a>. T\u0159et\u00ed d\u00edl bude zve\u0159ejn\u011bn v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Alert Diver.<\/em><\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je nadm\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9?<\/h3>\n

Technick\u00fd term\u00edn pro abnorm\u00e1ln\u011b vysok\u00e9 hladiny oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho je hyperkapnie. Hyperkapnie m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek \u0159adu negativn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b m\u00edrn\u00e9ho neurologick\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edho pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed schopnosti a kontrolu motoriky, co\u017e jsou dopady, kter\u00e9 si dan\u00fd subjekt m\u016f\u017ee, ale nemus\u00ed uv\u011bdomovat.<\/p>\n

CO2 <\/sub>je 20kr\u00e1t<\/span><\/a> narkoti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dus\u00edk. Nadm\u011brn\u00e9 koncentrace tohoto plynu v krevn\u00edm \u0159e\u010di\u0161ti maj\u00ed siln\u00fd psychologick\u00fd dopad, zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed zmatek a iracion\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Hyperkapnie m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 vyvolat \u00fazkost, podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost a\/nebo reakci formou boje, \u00fat\u011bku nebo paniky. Abychom tuto skute\u010dnost nenaz\u00fdvali a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ohledupln\u011b, m\u016f\u017eeme otev\u0159en\u011b konstatovat, \u017ee hyperkapnie d\u011bl\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bka hloup\u011bj\u0161\u00edho a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vystra\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00edho \u2013 co\u017e je pon\u011bkud ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00e1 kombinace. T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 hyperkapnie je vysiluj\u00edc\u00ed a v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku vede ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b v\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Hyperkapnie tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje vazodilataci <\/em>neboli expanzi krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v. Uvnit\u0159 hlavy je spousta krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v a na\u0161e lebka postr\u00e1d\u00e1 schopnost zv\u011bt\u0161ovat se z\u00e1rove\u0148 s\u00a0nimi. V d\u016fsledku toho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd pr\u016ftok krve zp\u016fsob\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed intrakrani\u00e1ln\u00edho tlaku. Pokud v\u00e1s po pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed bol\u00ed hlava, mo\u017en\u00e1 bude zapot\u0159eb\u00ed zamyslet se nad mo\u017enost\u00ed nadbytku oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho jako o potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm vin\u00edku. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd pr\u016ftok krve do mozku a centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu tak\u00e9 znamen\u00e1, \u017ee do t\u011bchto org\u00e1n\u016f je dod\u00e1v\u00e1no v\u00edce kysl\u00edku, co\u017e u\u010din\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm k toxicit\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 kysl\u00edkem CNS.<\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee d\u00fdchac\u00ed reflex je spou\u0161t\u011bn oxidem uhli\u010dit\u00fdm, nem\u011blo by b\u00fdt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee \u010dast\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznakem hyperkapnie je dyspnea (du\u0161nost). Co se t\u00fd\u010de n\u00e1chylnosti k tomuto probl\u00e9mu, u lid\u00ed existuj\u00ed velk\u00e9 individu\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u00edly, tak\u017ee jeho absence nen\u00ed z\u00e1rukou, \u017ee se nevyskytnou i dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky, jako nap\u0159. kognitivn\u00ed porucha.<\/p>\n

Jestli\u017ee hyperkapnie skute\u010dn\u011b nastane, jej\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky obvykle p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed v m\u00edrn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech alespo\u0148 n\u011bkolik minut, ale v z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech mohou trvat i n\u011bkolik hodin.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pod vodou je v\u0161e komlikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Net\u0159eba dod\u00e1vat, \u017ee v\u0161echny v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky maj\u00ed pod vodou mnohem z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u016fsledky a jsou nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e by tomu bylo na suchu. Upadnut\u00ed do bezv\u011bdom\u00ed s sebou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nese vysok\u00e9 riziko utonut\u00ed, zat\u00edmco kognitivn\u00ed poruchy a dal\u0161\u00ed psychologick\u00e9 efekty, jak\u00fdmi jsou \u00fazkost nebo panika, mohou v\u00e9st k\u00a0impulzivn\u00edmu a chybn\u00e9mu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. Du\u0161nost, i kdy\u017e je relativn\u011b m\u00edrn\u00e1, a z n\u00ed plynouc\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit absolutn\u00ed chaos v z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de plynem, co\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm mo\u017en\u00fdm d\u016fsledk\u016fm, kter\u00e9 probereme n\u00ed\u017ee. A reakce \u201ebojuj nebo ute\u010d\u201c je velice kontraproduktivn\u00ed p\u0159i jak\u00e9mkoli sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mrtv\u00fd vzdu\u0161n\u00fd prostor<\/h3>\n

Vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna kysl\u00edku a oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho mezi krv\u00ed a d\u00fdchac\u00edm plynem se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v alveolech, tj. v mal\u00fdch plicn\u00edch v\u00e1\u010dc\u00edch. Aby v\u0161ak byl CO2<\/sub> zcela vylou\u010den z na\u0161eho syst\u00e9mu, mus\u00ed p\u0159ed v\u00fddechem proj\u00edt z plicn\u00edch v\u00e1\u010dk\u016f p\u0159es pr\u016fdu\u0161ky, pr\u016fdu\u0161nici a dutiny v hlav\u011b.<\/p>\n

Tyto mezilehl\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti se souhrnn\u011b ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako mrtv\u00fd vzdu\u0161n\u00fd prostor. Nep\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b plyn\u016f a mno\u017estv\u00ed plynu vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed se v t\u011bchto prostorech po v\u00fddechu, v\u010detn\u011b oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho, je v dal\u0161\u00edm d\u00fdchac\u00edm cyklu znovu vdechov\u00e1no. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd objem anatomick\u00e9ho mrtv\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru u \u010dlov\u011bka<\/span><\/a> je asi 150 mililitr\u016f, zat\u00edmco pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd dechov\u00fd objem plic v klidu (tj. objem vzduchu vch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho do a z na\u0161ich plic na jeden dechov\u00fd cyklus) je 500 mililitr\u016f. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee znovu vdechneme asi 30 % zatuchl\u00e9ho vzduchu bohat\u00e9ho na oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd, kter\u00fd opou\u0161t\u00ed na\u0161e alveoly. P\u0159i hlub\u0161\u00edm d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b nebo v d\u016fsledku n\u00e1mahy, je to m\u00e9n\u011b.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je objem mrtv\u00e9ho vzduchu zv\u011bt\u0161en n\u00e1ustkem a komorou druh\u00e9ho stupn\u011b nebo n\u00e1ustkem rebreatheru. Tento p\u0159idan\u00fd mrtv\u00fd vzduchov\u00fd prostor sni\u017euje mno\u017estv\u00ed CO2<\/sub>, kter\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b vypust\u00edme p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m d\u00fdchac\u00edm cyklu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm, hustota plynu a dynamick\u00e1 komprese d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest<\/h3>\n

Druh\u00fdm a je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm faktorem, kter\u00fd pod vodou vstupuje do hry, je pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm<\/em> (WOB<\/em> = work of breathing). Pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm je mno\u017estv\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, kterou mus\u00ed na\u0161e svaly vykonat, aby p\u0159esunuly plyn do plic a z\u00a0plic ven.<\/p>\n

Tato pr\u00e1ce je funkc\u00ed hmotnostn\u00edho toku plynu<\/em> \u2013 fyzick\u00e9 hmotnosti molekul plynu proch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch pr\u016f\u0159ezem na\u0161ich d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest za jednotku \u010dasu. Tento hmotnostn\u00ed pr\u016ftok je zase funkc\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch veli\u010din: frekvenci d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed <\/em>(tj. jak rychle d\u00fdch\u00e1me), dechov\u00e9ho objemu<\/em> (tj. objemu plynu vym\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9ho za jeden d\u00fdchac\u00ed cyklus) a hustoty plynu<\/em> (tj. hmotnosti plynu na objem).<\/p>\n

Za norm\u00e1ln\u00edch okolnost\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159i d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed vzduchu bez p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek a za atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9ho tlaku \u2013 je na\u0161e br\u00e1nice schopna tuto pr\u00e1ci zvl\u00e1dnout bez probl\u00e9m\u016f. Stejn\u011b jako na\u0161e srdce je to sval optimalizovan\u00fd pro pot\u0159ebnou \u00fa\u010dinnost a vytrvalost, produkuje velmi m\u00e1lo CO2<\/sub> a pracuje nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b po cel\u00fd \u017eivot, ani\u017e by vy\u017eadoval odpo\u010dinek. T\u00edm se odli\u0161uje od v\u011bt\u0161iny ostatn\u00edch svalov\u00fdch skupin, nap\u0159. nem\u016f\u017eeme po neomezenou dobu chodit nebo d\u011blat kliky.<\/p>\n

D\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed vzduchu p\u0159i atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9m tlaku v\u0161ak p\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed neprov\u00e1d\u00edme. S hloubkou se zvy\u0161uje okoln\u00ed tlak i hustota plynu. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hustota plynu znamen\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd pr\u016ftok hmoty, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 intenz\u00edvn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dechovou pr\u00e1ci. Jakmile pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed \u00farove\u0148, pro kterou je na\u0161e br\u00e1nice optimalizov\u00e1na, produkce CO2<\/sub> a s n\u00ed riziko hyperkapnie se dramaticky zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tento efekt je d\u00e1le umocn\u011bn t\u00edm, co se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 dynamickou kompres\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest<\/em>. Na\u0161e d\u00fdchac\u00ed cesty nejsou tuh\u00e9 trubky, n\u00fdbr\u017e jsou celkem poddajn\u00e9. V d\u016fsledku t\u0159en\u00ed pod\u00e9l st\u011bn d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vysok\u00fd hmotnostn\u00ed proud plynu tlakov\u00fd rozd\u00edl, kter\u00fd n\u00e1sledn\u011b zp\u016fsobuje stla\u010den\u00ed trubic a omezen\u00ed pr\u016ftoku, co\u017e je efekt, kter\u00fd je podobn\u00fd tomu, co se d\u011bje p\u0159i astmatick\u00e9m z\u00e1chvatu. V roce 2003 v\u011bdci Enrico Camporesi a Gerardo Bosco prok\u00e1zali<\/span><\/a>, \u017ee maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed objemov\u00e1 ventilace (pro vzduch), kterou m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk dos\u00e1hnout v hloubce 30 metr\u016f, je asi polovina maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho objemu na hladin\u011b.<\/p>\n

Dopad zp\u016fsoben\u00fd v\u00fdbavou<\/h3>\n

Krom\u011b vnit\u0159n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee<\/em> zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pohybem hust\u00e9ho plynu uvnit\u0159 na\u0161ich d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest je dal\u0161\u00edm faktorem p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm k\u00a0t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e<\/em> zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dskou v\u00fdbavou. Na\u0161e d\u00fdchac\u00ed svaly nemus\u00ed pouze tla\u010dit plyny tam a zp\u011bt; poskytuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 energii pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed mechanick\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed druh\u00e9ho stupn\u011b regul\u00e1toru. N\u00e1ustek nav\u00edc p\u016fsob\u00ed doslova jako \u00fazk\u00e9 hrdlo \u2013 nas\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vzduchu mal\u00fdm otvorem vy\u017eaduje v\u00edce energie ne\u017e nas\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed otvorem velk\u00fdm. M\u016f\u017eete si to snadno ov\u011b\u0159it tak, \u017ee se p\u0159i proch\u00e1zce pokus\u00edte d\u00fdchat br\u010dkem.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed s rebreatherem je objem pohybovan\u00e9ho plynu mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e na otev\u0159en\u00e9m okruhu, nebo\u0165 nejen na\u0161e pl\u00edce a d\u00fdchac\u00ed cesty, ale cel\u00e1 d\u00fdchac\u00ed smy\u010dka je napln\u011bna plynem, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba tla\u010dit cel\u00fdm okruhem. Pra\u010dka nab\u00edz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed odpor a pl\u00edce pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed jedin\u00fdm pohonn\u00fdm \u010derpadlem. Minimalizace WOB je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm konstruk\u010dn\u00edm c\u00edlem p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b rebreather\u016f a pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\u016fm se doporu\u010duje, aby byli je\u0161t\u011b konzervativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pokud jde o hustotu plynu, ne\u017e by byli na otev\u0159en\u00e9m okruhu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Doporu\u010den\u00e9 limity hustoty plynu<\/h3>\n

S ohledem na zv\u00fd\u0161enou dechovou pr\u00e1ci zp\u016fsobenou v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hustotou plynu se doporu\u010duje ve v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b vyhotoven\u00e9 Gavinem Anthonym a Simonem Mitchellem<\/a> omezit hustotu jak\u00e9hokoli d\u00fdchac\u00edho plynu na 5 g\/l, s pevn\u00fdm limitem 6 g\/l. To odpov\u00edd\u00e1 maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubce pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed 29 metr\u016f pro vzduch a 37 metr\u016f pro nitrox. Tyto limity v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b nebyly v\u0161eobecn\u011b p\u0159ijaty vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi\/\u0161kolic\u00edmi organizacemi a agenturami. B\u011b\u017en\u00fd hloubkov\u00fd limit pro rekrea\u010dn\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je 40 metr\u016f a v\u00fdcvikov\u00e9 standardy pro dekompresn\u00ed pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed podporovan\u00e9 \u0159adou agentur stanovuj\u00ed hranici dokonce je\u0161t\u011b hloub\u011bji, a to na 55 metr\u016f pro vzduch, kde hustota plynu dosahuje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 8,4 g\/l.<\/p>\n

Mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti<\/h3>\n

P\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch faktor\u016f z\u016fstat pro pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010de t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nepost\u0159ehnuteln\u00e1. Kdy\u017e v\u0161ak mus\u00edme pracovat tvrd\u011bji a metabolick\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na\u0161eho t\u011bla se zvy\u0161uj\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad v hloubce p\u0159i proud\u011bn\u00ed nebo p\u0159i asistenci kolegovi v nouzi, mohou se n\u00e1hle vyskytnout a zm\u011bnit b\u011b\u017en\u011b zvl\u00e1dnutelnou situaci v slo\u017eit\u00fd a nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad.<\/p>\n

T\u00edmto kon\u010d\u00ed druh\u00fd d\u00edl na\u0161eho seri\u00e1lu. V t\u0159et\u00edm d\u00edlu se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme na protiopat\u0159en\u00ed – dovednosti a postupy, jak udr\u017eet na\u0161e zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed CO2<\/sub> pod kontrolou. Z\u016fsta\u0148te v bezpe\u010d\u00ed a tak\u00e9 na p\u0159\u00edjmu!<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

O autorovi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tim Bl\u00f6meke<\/a> vyu\u010duje rekrea\u010dn\u00ed a technick\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na Tchaj-wanu a Filip\u00edn\u00e1ch. Rovn\u011b\u017e je spisovatelem na voln\u00e9 noze, p\u0159ekladatelem, a tak\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm redaktorem pro publikaci Alert Diver. M\u00e1te-li na n\u011bj n\u011bjak\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky nebo k n\u011b\u010demu p\u0159ipom\u00ednky, m\u016f\u017eete ho kontaktovat prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jeho blogov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky\u00a0<\/a>nebo na Instagramu<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\n

P\u0159ekladatel<\/strong>: Klement Hartinger<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Toto je druh\u00fd d\u00edl t\u0159\u00edd\u00edln\u00e9ho seri\u00e1lu o oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9m, kter\u00fd je jedn\u00edm z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159isp\u011bvatel\u016f k mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm ud\u00e1lostem p\u0159i pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed d\u00edl naleznete zde. T\u0159et\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":11409495,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[384],"tags":[1883],"authors":[1767],"class_list":["post-11409538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clanky","tag-pripraveny-potapec","authors-tim-blomeke"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nOxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st) - Alert Diver<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se popisuj\u00ed dopady pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na metabolismus CO2, v\u010detn\u011b nark\u00f3zy, mrtv\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru, hustoty plynu a pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm (WOB), jako\u017e i \u00fa\u010dinky zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dskou v\u00fdbavou.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st) - Alert Diver\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se popisuj\u00ed dopady pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na metabolismus CO2, v\u010detn\u011b nark\u00f3zy, mrtv\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru, hustoty plynu a pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm (WOB), jako\u017e i \u00fa\u010dinky zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dskou v\u00fdbavou.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Alert Diver\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-03-26T11:32:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-26T11:53:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1120\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"mtuccella@daneurope.org\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napsal(a)\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"mtuccella@daneurope.org\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"mtuccella@daneurope.org\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/person\/e5aa4c80b09c73018c6d8b140482fe5a\"},\"headline\":\"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st)\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-26T11:32:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-26T11:53:34+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/\"},\"wordCount\":1902,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"P\u0159ipraven\u00fd pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Clanky\"],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/\",\"name\":\"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st) - Alert Diver\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-26T11:32:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-26T11:53:34+00:00\",\"description\":\"V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se popisuj\u00ed dopady pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na metabolismus CO2, v\u010detn\u011b nark\u00f3zy, mrtv\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru, hustoty plynu a pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm (WOB), jako\u017e i \u00fa\u010dinky zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dskou v\u00fdbavou.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1120},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/\",\"name\":\"Alert Diver Europe\",\"description\":\"Access, discover and share the latest diving safety content from DAN Europe.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Alert Diver Europe\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-favicon.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-favicon.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Alert Diver Europe\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/person\/e5aa4c80b09c73018c6d8b140482fe5a\",\"name\":\"mtuccella@daneurope.org\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d8b3afb8690f2a9b7aa9d36d7a3b1581?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d8b3afb8690f2a9b7aa9d36d7a3b1581?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"mtuccella@daneurope.org\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/author\/mtuccelladaneurope-org\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st) - Alert Diver","description":"V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se popisuj\u00ed dopady pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na metabolismus CO2, v\u010detn\u011b nark\u00f3zy, mrtv\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru, hustoty plynu a pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm (WOB), jako\u017e i \u00fa\u010dinky zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dskou v\u00fdbavou.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/","og_locale":"cs_CZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st) - Alert Diver","og_description":"V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se popisuj\u00ed dopady pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na metabolismus CO2, v\u010detn\u011b nark\u00f3zy, mrtv\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru, hustoty plynu a pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm (WOB), jako\u017e i \u00fa\u010dinky zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dskou v\u00fdbavou.","og_url":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/","og_site_name":"Alert Diver","article_published_time":"2024-03-26T11:32:47+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-03-26T11:53:34+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2560,"height":1120,"url":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"mtuccella@daneurope.org","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Napsal(a)":"mtuccella@daneurope.org","Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed":"7 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/"},"author":{"name":"mtuccella@daneurope.org","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/person\/e5aa4c80b09c73018c6d8b140482fe5a"},"headline":"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st)","datePublished":"2024-03-26T11:32:47+00:00","dateModified":"2024-03-26T11:53:34+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/"},"wordCount":1902,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg","keywords":["P\u0159ipraven\u00fd pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010d"],"articleSection":["Clanky"],"inLanguage":"cs"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/","url":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/","name":"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st) - Alert Diver","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg","datePublished":"2024-03-26T11:32:47+00:00","dateModified":"2024-03-26T11:53:34+00:00","description":"V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se popisuj\u00ed dopady pot\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed na metabolismus CO2, v\u010detn\u011b nark\u00f3zy, mrtv\u00e9ho vzdu\u0161n\u00e9ho prostoru, hustoty plynu a pr\u00e1ce s d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm (WOB), jako\u017e i \u00fa\u010dinky zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 pot\u00e1p\u011b\u010dskou v\u00fdbavou.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cs","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Carbon-Dioxide-\u2013-the-Dreaded-Enemy-part-2_BannerWeb_2560x1120.jpg","width":2560,"height":1120},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/clanky\/oxid-uhlicity-obavany-nepritel-2-cast\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd \u2013 ob\u00e1van\u00fd nep\u0159\u00edtel (2. \u010d\u00e1st)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#website","url":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/","name":"Alert Diver Europe","description":"Access, discover and share the latest diving safety content from DAN Europe.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"cs"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#organization","name":"Alert Diver Europe","url":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-favicon.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-favicon.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Alert Diver Europe"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/person\/e5aa4c80b09c73018c6d8b140482fe5a","name":"mtuccella@daneurope.org","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d8b3afb8690f2a9b7aa9d36d7a3b1581?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d8b3afb8690f2a9b7aa9d36d7a3b1581?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"mtuccella@daneurope.org"},"url":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/author\/mtuccelladaneurope-org\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11409538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11409538"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11409538\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11409539,"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11409538\/revisions\/11409539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11409495"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11409538"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11409538"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11409538"},{"taxonomy":"authors","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/cs_CZ\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/authors?post=11409538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}