{"id":11385377,"date":"2017-04-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-04-19T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/sin-categorizar\/fop-y-buceo\/"},"modified":"2017-04-20T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2017-04-19T22:00:00","slug":"fop-y-buceo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alertdiver.eu\/es_ES\/articulos\/fop-y-buceo\/","title":{"rendered":"FOP y buceo"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En Junio de 2015, en Montreal, Canad&aacute;, la Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS) y DAN, recibieron a los profesionales m&aacute;s expertos en el Taller sobre el Consenso acerca del Foramen Oval Permeable y la Aptitud para el buceo. Los temas discutidos fueron c&oacute;mo diagnosticar un FOP, c&oacute;mo reducir los riesgos involucrados, y por supuesto, c&oacute;mo el FOP afecta a los buceadores. Para obtener m&aacute;s informaci&oacute;n al respecto, puedes visitar: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.diversalertnetwork.org\/research\/Conference\/2015PFOFTDProceedings\/2015-pfo-workshop-proceedings.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Patent Foramen Ovale and Fitness to Dive Consensus<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Un FOP puede ocurrir solamente despu&eacute;s del nacimiento, si el foramen oval no se cierra correctamente. Esto ocurre en un cuarto de la poblaci&oacute;n, como m&iacute;nimo, y la mayor&iacute;a de la gente nunca se da cuenta. El foramen oval es un paso en la pared entre las aur&iacute;culas derecha e izquierda del coraz&oacute;n. El tama&ntilde;o del agujero y la cantidad de sangre que fluye var&iacute;a. En algunas personas, el flujo sangu&iacute;neo nunca se detiene, mientras que en otros s&oacute;lo fluye despu&eacute;s de una actividad f&iacute;sica importante, como levantar pesas; pero tambi&eacute;n podr&iacute;a ocurrir despu&eacute;s de un esfuerzo como compensar los o&iacute;dos, usando la maniobra de Valsalva, o al toser o defecar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El tipo m&aacute;s peligroso de FOP para buceadores es un FOP con CDI (Cortacircuito Derecha-Izquierda), que es una conexi&oacute;n espont&aacute;nea entre la parte derecha del coraz&oacute;n, con la izquierda. Esto podr&iacute;a resultar en una embolia parad&oacute;jica, que ocurre cuando un co&aacute;gulo (trombo) pasa de una vena sist&eacute;mica a una arteria sist&eacute;mica y provoca un accidente cerebrovascular. Despu&eacute;s de una inmersi&oacute;n, los &eacute;mbolos de gas venosos (EGV) est&aacute;n presentes en la sangre, por lo que el riesgo es mayor. Los s&iacute;ntomas de una embolia parad&oacute;jica causada por un EGV suelen ser los asociados con la enfermedad de descompresi&oacute;n de tipo neurol&oacute;gico o cut&aacute;neo (ED).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"fr-dib fr-draggable\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/imgimport\/912\/pfo.jpg\" style=\"width: auto;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El riesgo de ED para los buceadores recreativos afectados por un FOP es bastante bajo, pero una de las preguntas que el taller trat&oacute; de responder es c&oacute;mo identificar a los buceadores que est&aacute;n en riesgo y qu&eacute; hacer al respecto. Las directrices establecen que los buceadores que han tenido m&aacute;s de un episodio de ED con manifestaciones cerebrales, espinales, vestibulococleares o cut&aacute;neas, deben ser investigados para detectar un FOP por expertos en este campo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Los buceadores en riesgo de ED con un FOP tienen tres opciones para reducir este riesgo. El primero es dejar de bucear; el segundo es bucear de forma conservadora* y evitar esfuerzos despu&eacute;s de la inmersi&oacute;n, y el tercero es cerrar el FOP, incluso si esto no garantiza que una ED nunca volver&aacute; a ocurrir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Despu&eacute;s de cerrar un FOP, el tiempo m&iacute;nimo que un buceador necesita antes de regresar al buceo es, por lo menos, de tres meses. Las pruebas deben confirmar que el agujero se ha cerrado completamente, y tambi&eacute;n que el paciente tiene que haber dejado de tomar los medicamentos anticoagulantes. Es importante tener en cuenta que la ED es causada, principalmente, por una exposici&oacute;n significativa a la presi&oacute;n (profundidad, tiempo y velocidad de ascenso). Cualquier persona que practique el buceo extremo est&aacute; en riesgo de padecer una ED, incluso sin tener un FOP.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">*Si deseas saber m&aacute;s sobre c&oacute;mo bucear de manera conservadora, puedes leer: <a href=\"http:\/\/AlertDiver.com\/Conservative_Diving\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AlertDiver.com\/Conservative_Diving<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Referencias: &copy; Alert Diver &mdash; Q4 Fall 2016<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En Junio de 2015, en Montreal, Canad&aacute;, la Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS) y DAN, recibieron a los profesionales m&aacute;s expertos en el Taller&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11375952,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[383],"tags":[1832],"authors":[1573],"class_list":["post-11385377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articulos","tag-linea-medica-es_es","authors-petar-denoble-es_es"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - 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